Neurology, meaning "Neuroscience," is the branch of medicine responsible for diagnosing, researching, and treating disorders and diseases of the central nervous system.

Neurology deals with:

• Issues related to the central, peripheral, and autonomic nervous systems.
• Congenital or acquired structural and functional nervous system disorders.

Neurological diseases affect patients' overall health, reduce their quality of life, and render them dependent on assistance. Technological diagnostic methods are utilized in the detection of neurological diseases, where early diagnosis makes a significant difference.

Technologies such as Computed Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Carotid-Vertebral Artery Doppler, EEG, and EMG make it possible to diagnose and monitor these diseases.

Diseases Diagnosed and Treated in the Neurology Unit:

• Alzheimer’s
• Migraine
• Headaches
• Vertigo
• Epilepsy
• Parkinson’s
• Brain and Vascular Diseases
• Dementia
• Movement Disorders
• Demyelinating Diseases
• Polyneuropathies
• Muscle Diseases
• Neuromuscular Junction Diseases

1. Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer’s disease is a brain condition that leads to a progressive decline in cognitive abilities. The individual gradually loses the ability to communicate with their surroundings, make decisions, and retain memories. They struggle to carry out daily activities and eventually need help with everyday tasks.

2. Migraine

Migraine is a pain that arises due to the excessive dilation of blood vessels in the head, which is triggered by various chemicals released from the nerve fibers around these vessels, primarily due to genetic factors.

3. Headaches

To determine the cause of headaches, the general health of the patient, age, nature of the pain, its severity, location, triggers, frequency, and other symptoms need to be identified. Understanding all details, from the patient's sleep habits to their family's medical history, will be beneficial. Common types of headaches include tension-type headaches caused by muscle strain, cervicogenic headaches from issues with the neck, bones, discs, nerve roots, and joints, and cluster headaches, which worsen during seasonal changes and occur in attacks.

4. Vertigo

Vertigo is the sensation of the external world spinning around the person or the feeling that the person themselves is spinning.

5. Epilepsy

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder caused by electrical changes in the brain, resulting in involuntary movements and behavioral disturbances, manifesting as seizures. Genetic factors, toxins, and brain disorders can lead to epilepsy. There are different types, such as Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy, Frontal Lobe Epilepsy, and Temporal Lobe Epilepsy.

6. Parkinson’s Disease

Parkinson's disease is a chronic and progressive movement disorder caused by the reduction and dysfunction of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain.

7. Brain and Vascular Diseases

Brain and vascular diseases can occur due to genetic predisposition, high blood pressure, diabetes, obesity, alcohol consumption, lack of physical activity, high cholesterol, infections, and congenital vascular problems. If untreated, these conditions can lead to serious consequences, such as brain hemorrhages, strokes, and subarachnoid hemorrhages.

8. Dementia

Dementia, often referred to as "senility," is a general term for situations where cognitive abilities decline. It is not a disease in itself but a symptom of memory loss, reduced communication, and impaired thinking abilities. This condition can occur due to the death of brain cells, nerve damage over time, or trauma. Vascular dementia occurs when cells die due to brain vascular diseases.

9. Movement Disorders

Movement disorders occur when neurons die, are damaged, or lose their function, leading to involuntary movements and reduced quality of life. Examples include Parkinson’s disease, Wilson's disease, Huntington’s disease, dystonias, dyskinesias, restless leg syndrome, and essential tremor. In movement disorders, involuntary movements may occur slowly or very rapidly.

10. Demyelinating Diseases

Demyelinating diseases occur when the protective covering of nerves, called myelin, is damaged. This results in slower transmission of signals throughout the body. Examples include Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Acute Demyelinating Encephalomyelitis, and Transverse Myelitis.

11. Polyneuropathies

Polyneuropathies are conditions where peripheral nerves are damaged, often caused by Guillain-Barré syndrome, diabetes, vitamin deficiencies, infections, or toxins. These conditions may result from autoimmune or metabolic disorders, toxins, or genetic factors.

12. Muscle Diseases

Muscle diseases, or myopathies, occur when the muscles lose their function due to nerve damage, inflammation, genetic conditions, injury, or medication use. These diseases can cause muscle weakness, shrinkage, and wasting.

13. Neuromuscular Junction Diseases

Neuromuscular junction diseases occur when communication between muscles and nerves is disrupted, leading to muscle weakness. These conditions can arise from both genetic factors and acquired muscle disorders. Examples include Myasthenia Gravis and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS).